新概念三册第一课课文

Lesson 1 A puma at large 逃遁的美洲狮

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音,然后回答以下问题.
Where must the puma have come from?
Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw‘a large cat’only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of‘cat-like noises’at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. New words and expressions 生词和短语
puma(title)/'pju:m+/n. 美洲狮
corner(1. 9)/'k&:n+/v. 使走投无路,使陷入困境
spot(1. 2)/sp&t/v. 看出,发现
trail(1. 11)/'treil/n. 一串,一系列
evidence(1. 4)/'evid+ns/n．证据
print(1. 12)/print/n. 印痕
accumulate(1. 4)/e'kju:mjuleit/v. 积累,积聚
cling(1. 12)/kliR/(clung/kl)R/, clung)v. 粘
oblige(1. 5)/+'blaid{/v. 使……感到必须
convince(1. 14)/k+n'vins/v. 使……信服
hunt(1. 7)/h)nt/n. 追猎；寻找
somehow(1. 16)/'s)mha(/adv. 不知怎么搞地,不
blackberry(1. 8)/'bl$kb+ri/n. 黑莓 知什么原因
human being(1. 9)/?hju:m+n-'bi:iR/人类
disturb(1. 17)/di'st*:b/v. 令人不安
Notes on the text 课文注释
1 at large是介词短语,此处表示“逍遥自在”、“行动自由”的意思.
2 When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, 当伦敦动物园接到报告说,在伦敦以南45英里的地方发现一头野生美洲狮时.这个从句中以that引导的从句是reports的同位语,用于进一步说明报告的内容.
3 feel obliged to do sth. 是“感到不得不做某事”的意思.
4 it left behind it a trail of, 它身后留下一串…….
a trail of作left的宾语,behind it是状语,提到宾语之前是为了使句子结构更紧凑.
5 puma fur was found clinging to bushes中,clinging是现在分词,此处作主语puma fur的主语补足语.下文中As no pumas had been reported missing…一句中,missing也是现在分词作主语补足语.
6 in the possession of, 为……所有.
参考译文
美洲狮是一种体形似猫的大动物,产于美洲.当伦敦动物园接到报告说,在伦敦以南45英里处发现一只美洲狮时,这些报告并没有受到重视.可是,随着证据越来越多,动物园的专家们感到有必要进行一番调查,因为凡是声称见到过美洲狮的人们所描述的情况竟是出奇地相似.
搜寻美洲狮的工作是从一座小村庄开始的.那里的一位妇女在采摘黑莓时看见“一只大猫”,离她仅5码远,她刚看见它,它就立刻逃走了.专家证实,美洲狮除非被逼得走投无路,是决不会伤人的.事实上搜寻工作很困难,因为常常是早晨在甲地发现那只美洲狮,晚上却在20英里外的乙地发现它的踪迹.无论它走到哪儿,一路上总会留下一串死鹿以及死兔子之类的小动物.在许多地方看见了爪印,灌木丛中也发现了粘在上面的美洲狮毛.有人抱怨说夜里听见了“像猫一样的叫声”；一位商人去钓鱼,看见那只美洲狮在树上.专家们如今已经完全肯定那只动物就是美洲狮,但它是从哪儿来的呢?由于全国动物园没有一家报告丢了美洲狮,因此那只美洲狮一定是某位私人收藏家豢养的,不知怎么设法逃出来了.搜寻工作进行了好几个星期,但始终未能逮住那只美洲狮.想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续逍遥流窜,真令人担心.
Summary writing 摘要写作
In not more than 80 words describe how experts came to the conclusion that the animal seen by many people really was a puma. Do not include anything that is not in the passage.
Answer these questions in note form to get your points:
1 What sort of reports were received by London Zoo?
2 Were the reports similar in nature or not?
3 Who saw it first?
4 Did it stay in one place,or did it move from place to place?
5 What did it leave behind it?
6 Were paw prints and puma fur found as well or not?
7 What was heard at night?
8 Was the animal seen up a tree or not?
9 Were experts now sure that the animal really was a puma or not?
Vocabulary 词汇
Give another word or phrase to replace the following words as they are used in the passage:spotted(1. 2);accumulate(1. 4); obliged to(1. 5); claimed(1. 6); extraordinarily similar(1. 6); immediately(1. 8); convinced(1. 15).
Composition 作文
Describe the occasion when the woman picking blackberries saw the puma. Expand the following into a paragraph of about 150 words.
Mrs. Stone had spent the whole morning…It was nearly lunch time, so she decided…She was just…when she heard a noise in…Then she saw an animal which…She knew it was not a cat because… The animal suddenly…and she thought it was going to…She dropped her basket and…Hearing the sound, the animal…after which, Mrs. Stone…and they…(86 words)
Letter writing 书信写作
On a full page, show the exact position of each of the following:
The address and date;the beginning of the letter;the Introduction;the Purpose;the Conclusion;the letter-ending;the signature;the postscript. Supply all necessary full stops and commas.
Key structures 关键句型
Simple, Compound and Complex Statements. 简单句、并列句和复合句（IKS 73）（参见第2册第73课关键句型）
Exercise练习
Underline all the joining words in the passage. Note carefully how simple statements have been joined to make compound or complex statements.
Special difficulties 难点
过去曾有一种传统的规定,认为英文句子不允许以介词结尾.现在,这种所谓的禁忌早以破除.在现代英语中,除正体书面语体外,以介词结尾的句子很多,在口语中更为常见.
Where had it come from? (1. 14)
Instead of saying:
It is better to say:
About whom are you talking?
Who(m)are you talking about?
That is the film about which I told you.
That is the film I told you about.
(Compare ISD 28) （对比第2册第28课难点）
Exercises练习
A Complete these sentences by adding a suitable word to the end of each one:
1 What are you looking ______ ?
2 Where is your mother going ______ ?
3 Whom has the letter been sent ______ ?
4 This is the house I was born ______ .
5 What does your decision depend ______ ?
B Write these sentences again changing the position of the words in italics. Where possible, omit the words whom or which.
1 He is the man about whom we have heard so much.
2 The shelf on which you put those books has collapsed.
3 From whom did you receive a letter?
4 This is the road by which we came.
5 Where is the pencil with which you were playing?
Multiple choice questions 多项选择题
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension 理解
1 Experts eventually decided to investigate ______ .
a．because they did not believe that pumas existed in England
b．because they wanted a puma for the London Zoo
c．when a woman saw a puma in a small village
d．because people's descriptions of the puma had a lot in common
2 What particular piece of evidence persuaded the experts that a puma had been seen in the village?
a．The puma had not attacked the woman.
b．The woman had described the animal she had seen as‘a large cat’.
c．A puma had come very close to a human being.
d．The puma had behaved like a cat.
3 What was the problem the experts were unable to solve?
a．How the puma had managed to cover such great distances within a day.
b．How the puma had escaped from a zoo.
c．Whom the puma had belonged to.
d．How the numa had climbed a tree.
Structure结构
4 The accumulating evidence made the experts ______ the animal was a puma. (lines 4-6)
a．to think
b．thinking
c．think
d．thought
5 People said ______ the puma. (lines 5-6)
a．to have seen
b．to see
c．they saw
d．they had seen
6 ______ , it immediately ran away. (lines 8-9)
a．Observing her
b．On being observed
c．Having been observed
d．On her being observed
7 Pumas never attack a human being except ______ cornered. (line 9)
a．they are
b．being
c．that they are
d．when they are
8 The experts were now fully convinced that the animal ______ a puma. (lines 13-14)
a．must be
b．should have been
c．can only be
d．could only have beenVocabulary词汇
9 The woman saw‘a large cat’ ______ five yards away from her. (lines 7-8)
a．at least
b．four or
c．no more than
d．within
10 A puma will not attack a human being unless it feels itself to be ______ . (line 9)
a．in a corner
b．in a trap
c．at an angle
d．under cover
11 A business man on a fishing trip is probably someone who ______ . (line 13)
a．sells fish
b．fishes for pleasure
c．nets fish
d．earns his living as a fisherman
12 A private collector is a man who collects ______ . (lines 15-16)
a．for his own benefit
b．on his own
c．in private
d．unknown to the public

减肥哪些能吃哪些不能吃

所有的食物都可以在减肥的时候吃。

重点在于一个量的控制。

有句话叫做“抛开剂量谈疗效都是耍流氓”就是这个意思。

想要减肥成功，摄入必须小于消耗。所以减肥时我们一定要控制饮食热量。

但是除了热量的问题，还有饱腹感、满足感和身体营养须要满足。

合适的热量、饱腹感、满足感和足够的营养，这些都满足了，我们的减肥计划才能长久的执行下去，也才能取得比较持久稳定的减肥效果。

所以，即便所有的食物都可以吃，但确实有些食物可以多吃，有些食物要少吃或者不吃。

1、高糖、高油、高脂的食物要少吃或者不吃。

比如糕点、油炸食品、各类零食等。

这类食物就属于“满足感”比较高的食物。

但是因着其热量很高，营养又很少，所以它们要尽可能的少吃或者不吃。

2、过咸的食物也要少吃。

咸味本身是不增加热量的，但是会导致体内水分过多却又不能排出，造成水肿型肥胖。

这类食物有咸菜、腊鱼腊肉，话梅这类蜜饯食品；也包括饭菜中放了过量的盐和酱油。

3、高GI的食物要少吃。

这类食物消化时间短，不抗饿，并且对血糖和胰岛素的影响大，容易生成脂肪。

比如像白米、白面及其制品，以及西瓜、荔枝等水果。

4、低GI的食物可以多吃。

和高GI食物刚好相反，低GI食物消化时间长，饱腹感强，对血糖和胰岛素的影响小，不易促进脂肪的生成。绝对是减肥食材的第一选择。

比如主食中的糙米、杂豆等；蔬菜中的叶子菜；水果中的柚子、李子等。

常见的低GI食物有这些：

5、高蛋白的食物可以多吃一些。

比如像蛋、奶及其奶制品、鸡胸肉、牛肉、鱼虾和豆腐。

它们可以为人体补充必须蛋白质（豆腐除外），并且饱腹感也很强。像牛奶、无添加的牛肉干还可以作为加餐，防止暴食。

其他补充：

虽然有些食物可以多吃一些，有些食物要少吃或者不吃，但是减肥的大原则不能变：摄入一定要低于消耗！同时也要调整饮食结构，三餐要搭配合理，否则的话，减肥就是一句空话！

我是天星妈，祝您减肥成功！

副鼻窦炎急性发作时能乘飞机吗

鼻旁窦炎即鼻窦炎，别称:鼻窦炎，副鼻窦炎。包括急性鼻旁窦炎和慢性鼻旁窦炎。为鼻科常见疾病，慢性者居多。前组鼻窦较后组鼻窦的发病率高，其中上颌窦最为常见。鼻旁窦炎可发生于一侧，亦可双侧。可限于一窦发病，亦可累及多窦。

常见症状

鼻塞，脓涕多，头痛，痰多，咽喉疼痛，耳鸣，耳聋

病因

1.全身因素

过度疲劳、受寒受湿、营养不良、维生素缺乏等引起全身抵抗力下降。生活与工作环境不洁等是诱发本病的常见病因。

2.局部因素

（1）鼻腔疾病 如急、慢性鼻炎、鼻中隔偏曲、中鼻甲肥大、变应性鼻炎、鼻息肉、鼻腔异物和肿瘤等。上述疾病均可阻塞窦口鼻道复合体，阻碍鼻窦的引流和通气而至鼻旁窦炎的发生。

（2）临近器官的感染病灶 如扁桃体炎、腺样体炎等。此外，上列第2前磨牙和第1、2磨牙的根尖感染、拔牙损伤上颌窦、龋齿残根坠入上颌窦内等，均可引起上颌窦炎症。

（3）创伤性鼻窦外伤 骨折或异物射入鼻窦，游泳跳水不当或游泳后用力擤鼻致污水挤入鼻窦等，可将致病菌直接带入鼻窦。

（4）医源性鼻腔内填塞物 留置时间过久，引起局部刺激、继发感染和妨碍窦口引流和通气。

临床表现

1.鼻塞

轻重不等，多因鼻黏膜充血肿胀和分泌物增多所致，鼻塞常可致暂时性嗅觉障碍。

2.脓涕多

鼻涕多为脓性或黏脓性，擤净，脓涕中可带有少许血液。厌氧菌或大肠杆菌感染者脓涕恶臭。脓涕可后流至咽部和喉部，刺激局部黏膜引起发痒、恶心、咳嗽和咳痰。

3.头痛

慢性化脓性鼻旁窦炎一般为明显局部疼痛或头痛。

4.其他

由于脓涕流入咽部和长期用口呼吸，常伴有慢性咽炎症状，如痰多、异物感或咽喉疼痛等。若影响咽鼓管，也可有耳鸣、耳聋等症状。

检查

1.局部红肿和压痛

急性上颌窦炎表现为颌面、下睑红肿和压痛；急性额窦炎则表现额部红肿以及眶内上角压痛和额窦前壁叩痛。

2.前鼻镜检查

鼻黏膜充血、肿胀，尤以中鼻甲和中鼻道黏膜为甚。鼻腔内有大量黏脓或脓性鼻涕，前组鼻窦炎可见中鼻道有黏脓或脓性物，后组鼻窦炎者则见与嗅裂。

3.鼻旁窦CT扫描

CT检查已经成为诊断鼻旁窦炎的重要手段，也是鼻旁窦炎手术前必须做的系列检查之一，CT扫描分为冠状扫描和水平位扫描。鼻旁窦炎经常和鼻息肉并存，CT可以显示鼻息肉、鼻窦炎的范围，清晰显示各鼻窦及其比邻区域的细微结构，为医生诊断和治疗提供了重要的依据。通过CT，还有助于鼻旁窦炎与其他疾病如鼻窦癌等进行区别。

治疗

根除病因，解除鼻腔鼻窦引流和同期障碍，控制感染和预防并发症。

1.急性化脓性鼻旁窦炎

（1）抗生素或磺胺类药物 足量，以控制感染，防止其转为慢性和并发症。明确致病菌者应选择敏感的抗生素，未能明确致病菌者可选用广谱抗生素。明确厌氧菌感染者应同时应用替硝唑或甲硝唑。

（2）局部治疗 减血充血剂1%麻黄素生理盐水滴鼻。

（3）镇静止痛药 用于头痛剧烈者。

（4）鼻腔冲洗 用注射器或专用鼻腔冲洗器。

2.慢性化脓性鼻旁窦炎

（1）局部治疗为主，可选用血管收缩剂滴鼻，常用1%麻黄素生理盐水、滴鼻净等。可在滴鼻液中加入地塞米松、倍他米松等。应注意滴鼻净不宜长期使用，以免发生药物性鼻炎。

（2）上颌窦穿刺冲洗。

（3）鼻腔手术。

（4）鼻窦手术。

预防

1.应注意经常锻炼身体，增强体质。

2.每日早晨可用冷水洗脸，以增强鼻腔黏膜的适应能力及抗病能力。

3.注意改善生活及工作环境，减少环境污染。

4.防止急性鼻炎的发作，注意气候变化，及时增减衣服。

5.防止鼻旁窦炎的形成，采用正确的擤鼻方法，不宜强行不正确的擤鼻，以免引起急慢性鼻旁窦炎。

6.不要用手挖鼻，以免引起鼻疖等炎症。

7.经常保持心情舒畅，身心健康，减少各种疾病发生。

8.保持大便通畅。

9.不宜长久使用具有血管收缩作用的滴鼻剂，如麻黄素，滴鼻净等。

一：鼻窦炎患者的饮食注意：

1.在用药过程中，患者应注意平日少食辛辣及腥物，多食蔬菜水果，躲避异味，

2.冷天应注意保暖，平时多锻炼。

3.尽量用冷水洗脸都能对鼻窦炎起到一定的保健作用。

4.新鲜水果（柑橘类、葡萄、黑莓）和蔬菜，以摄取维生素C和生物类黄酮；

5.贝类和坚果，以摄取锌；

6.全谷类和豆类，以摄取维生素B；

7.葵花子、种子油，以摄取维生素E；

8.减充血作用的草药和调味品，例如接骨木花、麝香草和姜。

二：鼻窦炎患者生活中的注意事项：

1、鼻窦炎患者在生活中要注意鼻腔卫生。

2、当患者需要注意擤涕时，要注意方法。

3、当鼻窦炎患者需要游泳时，要注意姿势一定要正确，最好是要把头露出水面，这也是鼻窦炎患者的注意事项中很重要的一个方面。

4、当出现牙病时、一定要彻底的治疗。

5、当鼻窦炎发作时，要注意休息，并且要注意保持室内空气流通，避免直接的风吹与阳光直射。

6、鼻窦炎患者一定要遵医嘱用药，这也是鼻窦炎患者的注意事项之一。

7、患者要有治疗的信心与恒心，积极地进行体育锻炼，增强体质。

8、禁忌烟酒，禁忌辛辣等刺激性食物。

9、在生活中可以适当的进行鼻部按摩。

三：鼻窦炎患者治疗注意事项：

在治疗鼻窦炎的基础上一般要养成良好的生活习惯和饮食习惯，然后配合鼻窦炎的第一克星清肺鼻窦灵进行科学的调理。

怎么戒掉网瘾

戒掉网瘾，先要弄清楚什么是网瘾？网瘾是如何形成的？正如许多宿醉的酒鬼，从来不愿意承认自己喝醉了一样，许多网络成瘾的人，也很少有人愿意坦诚自己有网瘾。这是个心态问题，也是个面子问题。那么究竟什么是网瘾？网瘾又是怎么形成的呢？网瘾也叫网络成瘾症，也就是人们常说的过度使用网络，或滥用网络，或病态性使用网络。它是指上网者由于长时间地回答习惯性地沉浸在时空当中，对互联网产生强烈的依赖，以至于达到痴迷的程度，而难以自我解脱的行为状态和心理状态。

戒掉网瘾，最根本的动力来自网络依赖者自身。在深刻认识到自己已经有了病态的网瘾基础上，网瘾患者必须勇于直面这个事实。从思想上引起足够重视，深化对网络作用的认识，它仅仅是信息时代，为我们的生产、生活、学习提供帮助的平台，是为我们所利用的辅助工具；而不能反过来，我们为它所左右，成为它的附庸，被它所奴役！所以，我们应该加强自律，充分利用网络信息提供的各种便利，更好地去丰富自己的科学文化知识，更积极地去创造精神财富和物质财富（例如做网店、做自媒体、开发软件等，成功人士太多，只提一下马云吧）。

戒掉网瘾，关键还需要方法得当。分散精力，从网络痴迷中解脱开来，不失为一个高效的方法。世界那么大，不只是仅有网络！我们可以多参与些社交活动，比如旅游、聚会等有益于身心健康的活动要尽量多的去参与；再比如多分担些家务劳动，学会做一手拿手好菜，每天让全家人尽情享受你提供的美味佳肴，岂不是两全其美；还可以去种种花草、养养宠物、参加下有奖答题等，既陶冶了性情，有提升了品味。总之要从病态性使用网络的窠臼中超脱出来，享受丰富多彩的美好人生！

戒掉网瘾，也非常需要得到亲人朋友的理解和支持。关键性的外部力量，有时候起着举足轻重的作用。对于网瘾患者，不抛弃，不放弃；不讽刺，不打击。拿出真情来感化他，拿出真诚来激励他，和他风雨同舟共渡难关。同时，也要很好地去监督他，在偶尔的反复反弹中，主动积极地去创造条件，陪伴他走出网瘾的泥沼，迎接幸福的新生！

黑枸杞的功效和红枸杞一样吗

谢谢邀答。我认为黑枸杞和红枸杞的区别最大的就是：黑枸杞含有大量的原花青素，是迄今为止，发现原花青素OPC含量最高的天然野生植物，其抗氧化能力比胡萝卜素强10倍以上，是维生素C的18-20倍，能抵抗皮肤氧化、延续衰老和皱纹的产生，而红枸杞没有。

黑枸杞没有红枸杞好吃，但黑枸杞的营养成分远高于红枸杞，红枸杞主要功效是滋补强身，是单一的滋䃼性，而黑枸杞集＂美容、养生、滋补＂。＂四季常食黑枸杞，人寿可与天地齐＂，可见，长期坚持每天食用适量的黑枸杞，对身体会越来越好。